Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 19902017. Hypertension causes and risk factors risk of developing. The probability of developing high blood pressure increases as we get older. Epidemiology of risk factors for hypertension springerlink. Worldwide, any sustained, raised or elevated blood pressure, is the leading cause of death. Prevalence, awareness, and associated risk factors of. Even though anyone can be diagnosed with ph, certain risk factors make some people more likely to get the disease. Hypertension risk factors high blood pressure risk. High blood pressure can be caused by many factors, but mostly notably are diabetes, obesity, and excessive alcohol consumption. Management of hypertension and multiple risk factors to. The present study aimed at identifying risk factors associated with high blood pressure in adolescents. Health management center, the third xiangya hospital, central south university, changsha, china. Box 1 indicates the most common risk factors, target organ damage and. Secondary forms of hypertension are rare and the origin could be.
Many of the below said hypertension risk factors can be modified by adopting a healthy lifestyle. Hypertension is a prevalent and independent promoter of vascular damage to the heart, brain, kidneys, and limbs. High blood pressure or hypertension is unfortunately one of the most common diseases prevalent in india. Covering primary hypertension definition, causes and risk factors, symptoms and secondary hypertension. This study tests the hypothesis that disparities of hypertension risk in african americans is related to lead exposure, perceptions of racism, and stress, among urban roxbury, ma and rural gadsden, fl communities.
Sep 21, 20 to study the prevalence and define deferential risk factors for resistant hypertension rht in a hypertensive population of south asian origin. Usually, high blood pressure is fleeting and will return to normal. Nov 25, 2015 high blood pressure or hypertension is unfortunately one of the most common diseases prevalent in india. These factors are known as essential hypertension risks. There are several risk factors for high blood pressure. Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, affects millions of americans, from children to older adults. What other factors increase my risk for high blood pressure. In the united states, about 50 million people age six and older have high blood pressure. Find information and medical advice on risk factors for hypertension including existing diseases that can contribute to acquiring hypertension symptoms. S tress less substantiated by research than the other risk factors, but it appears to be a cause nonetheless. Zicha1,2 1center for cardiovascular research and 2institute of physiology, academy of sciences of the czech republic, prague, czech republic received june 5, 2009 accepted october 30, 2009 summary. Hypertension causes and risk factors of high blood pressure. Hypertension is one of the most important modifiable risk factors for.
Global dalys attributable to the 25 leading risk factors. Data is available on hypertension in urban population but few studies are reported in rural areas. These include race, family history, age, and gender. Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in. Also commonly known as essential hypertension, primary high blood pressure is a disorder which is associated with elevated blood pressure whose causes are not readily identifiable. Nov 23, 2016 management of hypertension and multiple risk factors to enhance cardiovascular health the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators. Family members share genes, behaviors, lifestyles, and environments that can influence their health and their risk for disease. Hypertension management action guide for health care providers. Although for most people there is no identifiable cause of hypertension, there are known risk factors. People in their mid40s have a higher tendency to develop blood pressure problems. The condition is more common in african americans at an earlier age, along with complications.
Given a paucity of information on hypertension and associated risk factors among urban slum dwellers in ssa, we aimed to characterize the distribution of risk factors for hypertension and investigate their association with hypertension in an urban slum in kenya. Modifiable hypertension risk factors are the things which we have control over, in our activities of daily living. Genetics may also play a part in your risk of hypertension. The typical image of a person with hypertension high blood pressure is an overweight, overworked male executive with a very short fuse. Some can be controlled and others cant be controlled. There are several factors predisposing to hypertension. The treatment of arterial hypertension should start before significant cardiovascular damage develops and is usually lifelong. Hypertension definition of hypertension by medical dictionary. Hypertension is quantitatively the most important modifiable risk factor for premature cardiovascular disease. Some of the risk factors for high blood pressure cannot be controlled, such as your age or family history. The estimates of the prevalence, the risk factors and the level of awareness of hypertension could help in galvanizing efforts at prioritizing the cardiovascular health of older persons in africa. Given a paucity of information on hypertension and associated risk factors among urban slum dwellers in ssa, we aimed to characterize the distribution of risk factors for hypertension and investigate their association with hypertension in an urban slum in.
Population based survey study on hypertension risk factors among adults in ethiopia are lacking. Therefore, the simple measure of waist circumference is recommended to identify the body weight component of the metabolic syndrome. However, hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, and eye problems. Jan 01, 2020 as youll see, many of these risk factors are under your control. Two key measures are used to determine if someone is overweight or obese. The objective of the study was to assess the level of knowledge on risk factors and warning signs of stroke among patients with hypertension in maraimalai nagar. Social and environmental risk factors for hypertension in. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among adults in gondar city, northwest ethiopia. Hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including ethiopia. Treatment of secondary forms of hypertension differs widely. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension.
Specific causes of secondary hypertension will be briefly mentioned. High blood pressure can be caused by many factors, but mostly notably are. Overweight and obesity are also risk factors for heart disease. The estimates of the prevalence, the risk factors and the level of awareness of hypertension could help in galvanizing efforts at prioritizing.
Diagnosis criteria the diagnosis of hypertension must be accompanied by an appropriate family. Only consider evaluating for secondary causes of hypertension when there is onset at a young age, no family history, no risk factors, rapid onset of significant hypertension, abrupt change in blood pressure in a patient with previously good control, or a concomitant endocrine abnormality. There are certain questions every cardiologist gets asked about blood pressure, a lot. Essential hypertension is the most common type, occurring in 9 out of 10 high blood pressure cases. It is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular mortality. To study the prevalence and define deferential risk factors for resistant hypertension rht in a hypertensive population of south asian origin. Listing a study does not mean it has been evaluated by the u. Risk factors include health conditions, your lifestyle, and your family history that can increase your risk for high blood pressure. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Prevalence and associated factors of hypertension among. High blood pressure can put you at risk for a variety of harmful diseases and conditions. The interaction of genetic and environmental factors in the etiology of hypertension j. The presence or absence of riskenhancing factors in this age group without diabetes and 10year risk of 7. An analysis of survey data on chronic noncommunicable disease at gilgel gibe field research center, south west ethiopia tesfa birlew1, fessahaye alemseged 2 1department of public health, mizan aman health science college, mizan teferi, south nation nationalities and people regional state.
The awareness, treatment, and control of high blood pressure were also very low. Hypertension risk factors medicine flashcards quizlet. Prevalence and risk factors for resistant hypertension among. Medical history ask about risk factors and rule out any exogenous factors risk factors o modifiable. Analysis of preliminary data from phase i reveal 60% in gadsden and 39% in roxbury respondents selfreported having hypertension. Hypertension htn is an important public health challenge at auchi. The treatment and prognosis of resistant hypertension, indications for referral to a hypertension specialist, and how one identifies patients who should be screened for. Hypertension is the leading risk factor for death and disability globally and disproportionately impacts lowand middleincome countries lmics, where more than twothirds of people with hypertension live. High blood pressure your doctor might call it hypertension is one of those health problems that can sneak up on you. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors in an urban area of bangladesh. A family history of hypertension puts a person at a higher risk category than a person with no family history of hypertension. But you can take steps to lower your risk by changing. Excess weight increases your risk of developing high blood pressure.
For example, african americans develop high blood pressure more often than others, and it tends to be more severe and occur at an earlier age. Risk factors people of all ages, races and ethnic backgrounds are diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension ph. Prevalence and associated risk factors of hypertension. Genetic factor may play an important role in the development of essential hypertension. A descriptive crosssectional study was carried out among hypertensive patients attending clinics at the cardiology unit, colombo from julyoctober 2009. Pediatric pediatrics adults national kidney foundation. Aug 20, 2014 a growing body of research demonstrates that psychosocial factors play an important role in the development of hypertension. The modifiable risk factors that the patient has are his diet, alcohol, consumption, inactive lifestyle, and smoking centers for disease control, 2014.
If your parents had it, then you might also be at risk. Hypertension risk factors risk for hypertension health. Hypertension accounts for an estimated 54 percent of all strokes and 47 percent of all ischemic heart disease events globally. However, there are factors that can increase a persons chance of developing it. This condition afflicts about 50 million persons in the united states and as the. Each additional year was associated with a 2% increased risk of naion. Manage all patient risk factors by integrating a comprehensive set. Method cross sectional, descriptive study, involving people with sah, undergoing outpatient care treatment at the primary healthcare service in a city located in the south. The truth is, high blood pressure affects people of all ages, races, social classes, sizes and shapes, women as well as mean and even children. Prevalence of hypertension and determination of its risk. Recent data confirm that the interaction of genetics with multiple environmental risk factors explains the high prevalence of hypertension in the industrialised countries. Risk factorsthings that make it more likely for a person to develop coronary heart diseasehave been identified through many scientific studies.
The objective of this study was to assess hypertension risk factors sociodemographic and behavioural among adults aged 1564 years, at gilgel gibe field research center, 20. The prevalence of hypertension is increasing in bangladesh, especially in urban areas. Risk factors of hypertension among adults aged 3564. High blood pressure can run in a family, and your risk for high blood pressure. Management of hypertension and multiple risk factors to enhance cardiovascular health the safety and scientific validity of this study is the responsibility of the study sponsor and investigators.
Its important to monitor your blood pressure through regular visits to the doctor. Some of the most important information about coronary heart disease risk factors has come from the framingham heart study, a study of families in framingham, massachusetts. Hypertension is a major risk factor for several cardiovascular diseases cvd. Nov 28, 2012 hypertension is a growing public health problem in many developing countries including ethiopia. And being overweight or obese increases your chances of developing high blood cholesterol and diabetestwo more risk factors for heart disease. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors surplus weight, insufficient levels of physical activity, unsuitable eating habits. A distinction must be made between hypertension and high blood pressure. The risk increases in men over age of 45 and women over age 55. Hypertension risk factors high blood pressure risk factors. Hypertension or high blood pressure can lead to heart disease, stroke, and death and is a major global health concern.
Here are the main risk factors for high blood pressure along with tips for keeping yours under control. However, its prevention and control has not yet received due attention. The common risk factors for hypertension include the following. With essential hypertension, the cause of high blood pressure is not known. Factors associated with the severity of hypertension among. Hypertension highlights 2017 health metrics american heart. Hypertension is an important public health challenge in both economically developing and developed countries. When blood pressure is elevated, the heart and arteries have to work harder than normal to pump blood through the body. The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence o f various risk factors on hypertension among. You can have it for a long time without knowing it. Hypertension is a major health problem, especially because it has no symptoms. This condition afflicts about 50 million persons in. As youll see, many of these risk factors are under your control.
Prevalence and risk factors for resistant hypertension. High blood pressure can run in a family, and your risk for high blood pressure can increase based on your age and your race or ethnicity. High blood pressure can occur at any point in time for a variety of reasons including stress, alcohol consumption, diet, and fatigue. A range of risk factors may increase the chances of a person developing. Interventions like weight management, increased physical activity, increased fruits and.
Risk factors for naion identified american academy of. A growing body of research demonstrates that psychosocial factors play an important role in the development of hypertension. Knowledge about hypertension and factors associated with the. Less expected was a correlation between naion and gender and ethnicity. Dec 17, 2015 hypertension is an emerging public health problem in sub saharan africa ssa and urbanization is considered to favor its emergence. All the patients with hypertension who provided informed written consent were recruited to. The conditions that hypertension triggers, including diabetes, heart disease, and strokes also run in the family. Fewer than 10% of patients have secondary hypertension. Simple things in life sometimes makes a big impact. Modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors goes hand in hand, and it is not unusual for an individual to have the combination of both. The interaction of genetic and environmental factors in.
Risk factors associated with high blood pressure in adolescents. Some male patients can develop multiple metabolic risk factors when the waist circumference is only marginally increased, e. Hypertension is more common in men than women and in people over the age of 65 than in younger persons. If two or more members of your family have pah or if a family member in your.
While patients with hypertension are particularly vulnerable to stroke, research suggests that they have poor awareness of stroke risk factors and warning signs. Generating an epub file may take a long time, please be patient. Whether your overall risk is high or low, you can always take steps to keep your pressure down and protect your health. Hypertension is an emerging public health problem in sub saharan africa ssa and urbanization is considered to favor its emergence. It was a community based crosssectional study conducted in two rural areas in delhi. What are the risk factors associated with hypertension. Hypertension definition of hypertension by medical. Coronary heart disease risk factors cardiology jama. Other factors that can cause hypertension include your personal and family genetic history. So, a leading cardiologist at darbhanga working at a su. Unfortunately most people with hbp are not aware of this. Overweight or obesity if the body mass index bmi is between 25 to 30 kgm3 is considering as overweight and if the bmi is more than 30kgm3 is considering as obese. It was a community based crosssectional study conducted in two rural areas.
The patient has certain lifestyle choices, which makes him susceptible to hypertension. Experts estimate that up to 75 percent of cases of hypertension in industrialized countries can be traced directly to obesity. Differences in prevalence of hypertension and associated. Contributing risk factors and lifestyle modification among hypertensive clients. Hypertension usually has no symptoms, and many affected individuals do not know they have the condition. Clinical guidelines for the management of hypertension of therapeutic intervention. When hypertension is caused by another condition or disease process, it is called secondary hypertension. The factors associated with clinical hypertension stages 1 and 2 were older age. Hypertension is associated with cardiovascular disease cvd risk factors, incidence, and mortality 3. Knowledge about hypertension and factors associated with. This study provides descriptive statistics on selfreported hypertension, conventional risk factors such as, obesity, age, smoking, socioeconomic status, diabetes, and high cholesterol, and proposed risk factors, such as selfreported indices of racial discrimination, lead exposure risk factors age of housing, residence lead containment, childhood lead poisoning, etc. A community based crosssectional study was conducted in april 2012 in gondar city. Jan 01, 2008 this study tests the hypothesis that disparities of hypertension risk in african americans is related to lead exposure, perceptions of racism, and stress, among urban roxbury, ma and rural gadsden, fl communities.
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